英语引号的使用
Double quotation marks 双引号
标识直接引用的内容
“I hope you will be here,” he said.
引用的独立内容第一个单词首字母大写
Lamarr said, “The case is far from over, and we will win.”
非独立内容引用不要首字母大写
Lamarr said that the case was “far from over” and that “we will win.”
对断开的直接引用使用逗号分隔
He said, “I don’t care.”
“Why,” I asked, “don’t you care?”
一个单词的引用且在主语动作之后，可不用逗号。
He said “Stop.”
在主语之前的引用，一律用逗号分隔
引用的内容如在 “he said, she wrote, they reported, Dan insisted, etc.”之前，需添加逗号。
“I don’t care,” he said.
“Stop,” he said.
当引用的内容作为句子成分，如主语或宾语，则不需使用逗号隔开。
Is “I don’t care” all you can say to me?
Saying “Stop the car” was a mistake.
引用内容的句号和逗号总在引号内
The sign said, “Walk.” Then it said, “Don’t Walk,” then, “Walk,” all within thirty seconds.
He yelled, “Hurry up.”
问号的位置视句子逻辑而定
如问号属于引用内容，则写在引号内。
She asked, “Will you still be my friend?”
Do you agree with the saying, “All’s fair in love and war”?
如引用的问题将句子断开，使用问号后不再使用逗号。
“Will you still be my friend?” she asked.
当引用的内容超出一段时，每一个起始段落都添加一个头部引号（“），仅在最后一段引用结束时添加尾部引号（”）。
She wrote: “I don’t paint anymore. For a while I thought it was just a phase that I’d get over.
“Now, I don’t even try.”
标识小规模作品的标题
双引号可用于标识“小作品”或“分内容”的标题，如一本书的一个章节，电视节目中的一集，音乐专辑中的一个曲目，文章的一个标题，故事或诗词的标题等。
对于大作及完整作品的名称，使用斜体标识。详见《英语斜体的使用》。
Richard Burton performed the song “Camelot” in the 1960 Broadway musical Camelot.
例句中第一个“Camelot”表示一首音乐，第二个“Camelot”表示整部音乐剧。
标识特定称谓、特殊含义
It’s an oil-extraction method known as “fracking.”
He did some “experimenting” in his college days.
I had a visit from my “friend” the tax man.
标识反对、怀疑或反讽
同中文引号的用法类似，英语中引号也可表示反对、怀疑或反讽的含义，称为“Scare Quotes”。此时引号仅加在他人所述内容的一个词或短语上。
Some “groupies” were following the band.
值得注意的是，英语中的引号一般不用来“突出强调”作者自己的内容。仅当手写或早期的机打（typing）时可以使用引号来突出强调。电子文档中使用斜体（italic）来强调。
Single quotation marks 单引号
标识双引号内的引用
Dan said: “In a town outside Brisbane, I saw ‘Tourists go home’ written on a wall. But then someone told me, ‘Pay it no mind, lad.‘ “
注意例句中句号的位置，在双引号和单引号之内，且双引号和单引号之间留一个空格。
标识专业术语
在某些专业写作中，如语言学，心理学，哲学，神学中，一些特殊词汇用单引号标识。
The inner margins of a book are called the ‘gutter.’
Many people do not realize that ‘cultivar’ is synonymous with ‘clone.’
标识园艺植物的品种
An example of an apple is ‘Jonathon,’ of a grape, ‘Chardonnay,’ and of the Gallica rose, ‘Rosa Munda.’
Reference: Grammarbook.com/quotes
To find more: 英语斜体的使用, How to Use Colons